Bengkel / Kelas Persediaan RAE

Bengkel/Kelas Persediaan RAE ini adalah anjuran Jawatankuasa Induk KampungKu250 di bawah Biro Perlesenan dan Latihan dimana 9W2SMR (Sdr Mohamad Roslan bin Mohamad Amin) sebagai AJK yang mengurus dan mengelolakan bengkel/kelas ini bersama Jawatan kuasa yang beliau bentuk.

Antara tenaga pengajar yang terlibat adalah 9M2AGC dan lain-lain.

Bengkel/Kelas tersebut akan di adakan mengikut ketetapan berikut:

Tarikh : 15 Jun 2008 (Ahad)
Masa : 8.30 pagi hingga 4.00 petang.
Tempat : Komplek Rakan Muda, Kamunting. ***

Pendaftaran bermula jam 8.00 pagi.
Bayaran penyertaan RM35.00
Makan dan minum termasuk nota dan contoh soalan disediakan.

Rakan-rakan Swal dijemput menyertainya.

*** Tertakluk kepada pindaan.

Repeater Larut dikunjungi lagi...

BUKIT LARUT 28 Mei - Repeater Larut dikunjungi sekali lagi oleh 13 stesen radio amatur KampungKu Taiping Bandar Warisan. Ramai rakan radio amatur yang hadir di kaki bukit untuk mengalu-alukan rakan-rakan yang akan mendaki ke puncak Bukit Larut.
Mereka memulakan perjalanan menaiki jeep bermula jam 10.00 pagi dan dijangka turun semula jam 4.00 petang. Selamat menjalankan tugas kepada semua rakan-rakan. Semoga repeater Larut kembali pulih dan memancar semula.

Gambar oleh 9W2GBR.

73.

Akan datang di KampongKu250...

1. 9W2MIT melawat Taiping Bandar Warisan.

2. KampongKu members ke Mesyuarat Astra Kawasan Tengah.

3. Sekitar mesyuarat Astra Perak.

dan banyak lagi... alahai...73

Mega Eyeball KampongKu for April 2008

Tarikh : Ala terlupa pulak dah...
Tempat : Food Court Gulai Sembilang, Asam Kumbang.

Malam itu 34 ham kampongku members hadir. Terima kasih kerana menceriakan lagi KampongKu Taiping Bandar Warisan.

Agenda malam itu antaranya membincangkan perlembagaan pertubuhan ... yang bakal ditubuhkan dan juga membincangkan cadangan untuk mengadakan local repeater.

Mesyuarat malam itu di pengerusikan oleh 9W2ZAC (Abg Zain)

dan 9W2BPT (Abg Bob) sebagai setiausaha dan yg memainkan peranan utama malam itu. Mana gambar close up Abg Bob ni... Apa ni Abg Xray closep up orang lain ni...

Bila pula Abg Foxtrot tu tukar baju... dah kala lain pulak.

Last sekali semua makan makan dan sembang sembang.

Majlis tamat jam 11.45 malam.

Jumpa lagi di Eyeball May yg jangkanya akan diadakan pada 23 May akan datang bertempat di Changkat Jering (Lokasi sebenar belum tahu kena tanya Tok Penghulu)

Gambar oleh 9W2XPT.

Di edit oleh 9W2GBR : "Alahai letih..letih..."

Info Semasa KampongKu

1. Kelas Persedian RAE

Kelas tersebut akan di adakan mengikut ketetapan berikut:

Tarikh : 15 Jun 2008 (Ahad)
Masa : 8.30 pagi hingga 4.00 petang.
Tempat : Komplek Rakan Muda, Kamunting.

Pendaftaran bermula jam 8.00 pagi.
Bayaran penyertaan RM35.00
Makan dan minum termasuk nota dan contoh soalan disediakan.

Rakan-rakan Swal dijemput menyertainya.


2. Convoy Komuniti Radio Amatur KampongKu ***

Tarikh cadangan : 16, 17 dan 18 Ogos, 2008
Lokasi : Taiping KL Melaka.


3. Mega Eyeball for May 2008. ***

Tarikh : 23 May 2008 (Jumaat malam Sabtu)
Tempat : Changkat Jering.

*** Tertakluk kepada pindaan.
Untuk maklumat lanjut, hubungi 9W2BPT.

Welcome Swal LIL to kampongku250

Hi all....
My name : Halil Hisam Bin Hussin
ID No : 1444 (SWL "LIL" ).

My name is Halil Hisam Bin Hussin. Staying at Kg Matang , Simpang Perak.
Working at Digi Telecommunication S/B Taiping Perak. Im 25 years old.

Tq & regards.
halil SWL " LIL"

9W2GBR: “Welcome to kampongku250”.

ECHO LINK

Now you've studied for your exams, you pass the RAE test and you apply for your callsign and you are given the AROC - Amateur Radio Operating Certificate (not Alfa Romeo Owners' Club) with a Class B license. You admire in the Class A license because they have the permission to transmit in HF (high frequency) whereby Class B AROC only allows you to transmit on VHF (very high frequency) and UHF (ultra high frequency). So you think, how am I supposed to talk to people from the other side of the world. HF can do that because the wavelengths are longer and it uses the ionosphere for propagation thus making it travel in great distances..lets say up to Japan, Australia etc. So here you are stuck in DX (transmit and receive) in VHF & UHF.

Well not anymore. Fancy in chatting with some from UK? How about asking someone in Venezuela whats the weather like? Another one of the great things about Amateur Radio is that, it is a Hobby for experimenters. Like 9M2RT said the other day in the class, any form of telecommunication before its being put out to the public, is tested in Amateur Radio Frequencies, and so was Voice Over IP or VoIP technology. It was the Amateur Radio community that tried and tested VoIP when internet was started. It was a way of changing analogue signals to Digital data packets thru IP and convert it back to analogue.

EchoLink® software allows licensed Amateur Radio stations to communicate with one another over the Internet, using voice-over-IP (VoIP) technology. The program allows worldwide connections to be made between stations, or from computer to station, greatly enhancing Amateur Radio's communications capabilities. There are more than 200,000 validated users worldwide — in 162 of the world's 193 nations — with about 3,400 online at any given time. - source from www.echolink.org

Basically the order goes as below:-

[In Malaysia Mobile station (Dx) --> Repeater or Base rig --> Computer with Echolink Software -->] IP Packets through internet --> [Country of your choice Computer with Echolink Software --> Repeater or Base rig --> Mobile station

This way you can lets say be hanging out in MSI having TT with club members, and using your handy talkie QSO with someone in USA for instance. Way cool ain't it? This way, Class B license holders not only can communicate in country, but out of country using low power stations via means of VoIP. In HF, you may need a lot of power to be able to TX (transmit) and be heard at some other parts of the world and that is following the propagation of the sun solar flares, conditions of the wind and clouds etc. With Echolink, you take all those things away.

I have personally heard someone in his car in Ipoh QSO with someone on the M5 Motorway in UK and another time someone from Venezuela QSO with someone somewhere in United Kingdom, Unbelievable!!

This Echolink software is FOC BUT you need to build a small box that will let you connect your rig to the computer to have the signals changed. This box is easy to make and those guys in Ali Baba can show you how because they have built a few from scratch. Now suddenly Amateur Radio sounds interesting to them computer geeks out there huh? If you are interested to find out more about Echolink and how to get the software, visit www.echolink.org or www.eqso.net.

Homebrew PSU (DIY)

Desktop Power Supply from a PC

A completed 145 watt ATX power supply with switch, binding posts, labels and feet. Notice the zip ties in the ventilation slots that hold the load resistor.

This ATX PS board has leads for +5 (RED), -5 (WHITE), +12 (YELLOW), -12 (BLUE) volts, Ground (BLACK) and switch (GREEN). Dell power supplies manufactured between 1996 and 2000 do not follow the industry standard pinout and color codes. The fan has also been unplugged for better viewing. Since this PS was converted for use in the logic and robotics labs, the selected voltages were tapped. Other users may want combinations of +3.3 V (ORANGE), +5 V and/or +12 V if they are converting one of the newer supplies. For R/C applications, the 5 volt output can also serve as a desktop source to drive receivers and servos. If used as a power source for the micro and sub-micro servos, you must be careful not to drive the servo to either endpoint to avoid stripping the smaller gears in these units. Most standard servos have sufficiently robust gear trains and will simply stall if pushed to the mechanical stops..

Measured voltages on this particular PS (1996 P5-100 MHz Gateway) were about 5.15 and 11.75 volts. The remaining leads have been clipped off at the circuit board.

View of the case top with fan, binding posts and switch. The switch (SPST) and binding posts are available at Radio Shack or other electronics suppliers.


Power supplies in today's computers are known as SWITCHMODE or Switching Mode power supplies and require a load to continue to operate after being switched on (the term switching mode actually applies to the technique of A/C to D/C conversion and not to the power up action). This load is provided by a 10 watt, 10 ohm wire wound load resistor (sandbar - about $0.80 at Radio Shack) across the +5 volt supply. Some inexpensive power supplies may fail if forced on without a load. The sandbar has been zip tied to the case with a small amount of heat sink compound applied. Without cooling, the resistor will get very hot and may fail prematurely. With this arrangement, the resistor will remain barely warm to the touch.

Be warned that many of the heat sink greases can be quite toxic and any excess should be cleaned up and disposed of properly. Also be sure to thoroughly clean your hands and tools after use. While most heatsink compounds are rated to 160 to 170 C, some may dry out over time and their effectiveness will diminish -- a periodic check for good contact between the case and resistor is a recommended practice.

Additional comments


Disclaimer: The information presented should not be considered a "HOWTO" article, but merely a documentation of my conversion process. Modern PC Power Supplies can produce high output current levels that may cause internal overheating in the PS or damage to devices connected to them. Any individual attempting their own conversion is cautioned to carefully research their PS specifications and to be mindful of the associated voltages and power. DO NOT work on your opened power supply with it plugged in!!!!
The PS in the picture is a 145 watt ATX salvaged from a 1996 P5-100 MHz Gateway -- I salvage all usable parts from the older PC's before dumping them. This one is set up for a logic lab, hence the +5, -5, +12, -12 volt taps. We also use the +5 to drive servos in the robotics lab. This supply does not have a 3.3 V source, but the newer supplies do. INTEL has continued to modify the ATX specifications to include additional power connectors to support the increased power requirements of the newer motherboards. Before any modification is attempted, you should be sure of the type of power supply you are working with and the output currents being produced at each voltage level. Higher wattage supplies can generate fairly hefty levels of current and may overheat or damage devices attached to them. See the Table of Representative Current Levels for other power supplies.

Wiring coming off an industry standard circuit board will be:

ORANGE +3.3 V
YELLOW +12 V
BLUE -12 V
RED +5 V
WHITE -5 V (May not be present on recently manufactured supplies)
BLACK GND
GREEN POWER-ON (Active high -- must be shorted to ground to force power up)
GRAY POWER-OK What is this??
PURPLE +5 V STANDBY
BROWN +3.3 V REMOTE SENSING Design Guide Update



*** Note that the 1996-2000 Dell's did not completely follow this color coding -- check your voltage levels with a meter before wiring ***


The yellow, red and black wires will likely be grouped together with a clip. Some of the PS's will have a detachable plug for the fan and some will have the fan permanently attached to the circuit board. If the fan is attached, I usually clip the wires then re-solder and cover with heatshrink tubing -- this gives more working room while modifying the PS and allows me to lube the fan.

If you are going to use only the +12v and +5v, you may clip the other wires at the circuit board level or leave the unused wires about an inch long, gather common colors together, slip a piece of heatshrink tubing over the bundle and shrink -- it is an easy way to corral and insulate loose ends.

For the +5 / +12 volt PS, you will need the following combinations:

GREEN / BLACK Power on Switch (Use a SPST switch; a momentary switch will not work)
RED / BLACK Pre-Load Resistor (See text for recommended values and a possible substitution)
YELLOW / BLACK +12 volt source
RED / BLACK +5 volt source
ORANGE / BROWN See the Design Guide Update


I use a single common post (GND -- black) for all voltage sources. Our loads are light and we don't require separate grounds for each.

Leave 3 black wires -- switch, load resistor and common (GND) binding post

Leave 2 red wires -- 5 volt binding post and load resistor

Leave 1 yellow wire -- 12 volt binding post

Leave the green wire -- power on switch

If sense wires are present, refer to the Design Guide Update

If you expect to place high current demands on your powersupply, it may be prudent to run two wires to each binding post -- while it is very unlikely that the 18 AWG wire will overheat, there have been some instances of melted wires and connectors occurring on high demand motherboards.

As an aside, you can get 7 volts from the +5 V and +12 V outputs -- the +5 V is considered the negative (GND) and +12 the positive -- some geeks will use this combination to run their fans at a lower speed to reduce noise.



I've followed all the instructions, but the output voltage on the +12 V side is still low -- what can I do?? Many of the R/C folks are converting power supplies for the purpose of driving field chargers and are finding that voltage levels below 12 volts are sometimes insufficient to power their chargers. Read these TIPS for some options that may help increase this voltage level, provide a little theory, identify the connector pinouts found on most PC supplies and give a few troubleshooting hints.

Cut everything else off even with the board. I usually cut the power harnesses so I can keep as much together as possible. The wires remaining in the power supply should be left long and cut to length as needed. If you leave them too long, they will get in the way when boxing it up, especially if the fan is internal rather than external. Be sure that they stay out of the way of the fan blades. Also be sure to reattach the fan -- some supplies will not function without the fan attached - in any event, you need the cooling. This PS in the pictures has the fan mounted on rubber shock mounts and is extremely quiet. I will also disassemble the fan and lube the bearings while I have the PS open. Since these are salvaged, the fans have been in use for some time and normally the bearings are dry -- I use a high grade sewing machine oil from SINGER. Any light oil will work, just don't use WD40 --

These power supplies are called SWITCHMODE or SWITCHING MODE power supplies and must have a load to function -- hence the 10 ohm 10 watt load resistor on the 5 volt line. These resistors are known as wire wound or sandbar resistors and can be purchased from Radio Shack for about $0.80 each. This resistor will get hot and should have some sort of heat sink. The technique I use keeps them amazingly cool and is easy to do -- just pick the flattest side of the resistor, apply some heatsink compound (see warning above about toxicity) and attach to the case. I will usually hit the inside of the case with a file to remove any stamping flash on the ventilation slots. The switch (single pole, single throw) and binding posts can also be found at Radio Shack or other electronics supply houses.
Resistor Substitute
A viable alternative to using a power resistor is to substitute an 1157 automotive signal lamp in its place. This is a dual filament lamp and its load, with both filaments powered, is usually sufficient to maintain Latch_On and to raise the voltage on the 12v rail to an appropriate level for most needs. Your options are to solder a 5v line (red) to both positive pins on the lamp and ground the base to DC ground or to pick up a twist-lock socket when you buy the lamp. The advantage of using a socket is the ease of replacement should the lamp fail. If you don't feel comfortable with your soldering skills, it is also a little easier to work with the wiring on the socket rather than the pins on the lamp. Just remember that the socket housing is the ground and the two wires in the base are to be attached to the 5v rail. More importantly, you must be very careful that neither the bulb base nor socket housing touch any of the internal components in the power supply. These lamps may be purchased at any automotive supply store and most Walmarts.

I prefer the use of resistors since the final converted product is wholly self-contained and I have more control over the applied load, but the use of a lamp does simplify finding and installing components. It also makes a very obvious Power_On indicator!

I usually deal with on-line suppliers such as Jameco, Digikey, Mouser, etc. because we are buying in larger quantities and Radio Shack is too expensive for large numbers of items. However, you should be able to convert your PC supply for $5.00 or $6.00 dollars -- less if you have a junk box of parts. I suppose you could add an LED indicator with a 220 ohm dropping resistor to the 5v rail to show the PS is turned on, but the fan is a pretty good hint. We have had supplies running 24/7 for months without problems -- just electricity consumption.

The PS has some fairly hefty electrolytic capacitors and can still give a bit of a shock immediately after being unplugged -- let it sit a couple of minutes before poking around inside. Obviously, you can get whacked if you are inside the case with it still plugged in -- probably won't kill you, but you WILL turn it loose (never mind how I discovered this bit of information).

Mesyuarat Tahunan Astra Negeri Perak

Untuk perhatian ahli ahli yang terlibat maupun rakan Ham yang berkelapangan, anda dijemput hadir pada waktu dan tarikh seperti dibawah :-

10 Mei 2008

ASTRA (Perak)

Tempat: Dewan Terbuka Sek. Men Teknik Taiping.

Masa: 8.30 Malam